A total of 890 out of 2, 246 (equivalent to 39.6%) medical doctors in Tanzania are not practising clinical medicine. Also, only 964 out of the same total figure (equivalent to 42.9%) of graduate doctors were working full time in hospitals. Others were pursuing further studies, work in NGOs, health or non- health related institutions or were suspended.
This was revealed in a study conducted by Sikika in collaboration with The Medical Association of Tanzania (MAT) between
This was revealed in a study conducted by Sikika in collaboration with The Medical Association of Tanzania (MAT) between
August and October 2012 of which a total of 2,246 graduate doctors were tracked.
The study highlights that among the tracked doctors, almost half of them were from Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Mbeya and Moshi. Dar es Salaam alone accounted for a total of 725 of the tracked graduate medical doctors.
The study also revealed that, nearly a half of the 2003 graduates (48 out of 107) were not practicing clinical medicine; while 68 out of 102 (equivalent to two out of three) of 2004, more than three quarters (176 out of 224) of 2008 graduates and 155 out of 206 of 2009 graduates were practicing clinical medicine.
However, about 246 out of 290 (equivalent to 85%) of tracked medical doctors who earned their degrees in 2011 were not practising clinical medicine while almost all the 2012 graduates (96 out of 101) were practising medicine.
According to WHO and MoHSW, Tanzania has about 1:30,000 doctor to population ratio. This ratio has not significantly improved in the past five years due to increased population.
Based on the findings of the study, Sikika and MAT recommend that the Tanzanian government needs to attract and retain an adequate and qualified health workforce in the country's hospitals.
There is a need for new systems, rules and regulations to influence doctors in other jobs/careers to devote some time to clinical healthcare delivery in order to reduce the workload of those working full time in hospitals.
Since majority of doctors reside in major towns, there is a need for improved infrastructure for transportation in rural areas and create a better referral system that will make it easier for people to access quality services.
Furthermore, a research should be conducted to find out the factors that cause a high number of graduate medical doctors to abandon clinical medical practice in hospitals.
Due to limited availability of records, an information system should be established to inform the whereabouts of medical doctors and other healthcare workers and their clinical practice status right from the point of their graduation.
The study highlights that among the tracked doctors, almost half of them were from Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Mbeya and Moshi. Dar es Salaam alone accounted for a total of 725 of the tracked graduate medical doctors.
The study also revealed that, nearly a half of the 2003 graduates (48 out of 107) were not practicing clinical medicine; while 68 out of 102 (equivalent to two out of three) of 2004, more than three quarters (176 out of 224) of 2008 graduates and 155 out of 206 of 2009 graduates were practicing clinical medicine.
However, about 246 out of 290 (equivalent to 85%) of tracked medical doctors who earned their degrees in 2011 were not practising clinical medicine while almost all the 2012 graduates (96 out of 101) were practising medicine.
According to WHO and MoHSW, Tanzania has about 1:30,000 doctor to population ratio. This ratio has not significantly improved in the past five years due to increased population.
Based on the findings of the study, Sikika and MAT recommend that the Tanzanian government needs to attract and retain an adequate and qualified health workforce in the country's hospitals.
There is a need for new systems, rules and regulations to influence doctors in other jobs/careers to devote some time to clinical healthcare delivery in order to reduce the workload of those working full time in hospitals.
Since majority of doctors reside in major towns, there is a need for improved infrastructure for transportation in rural areas and create a better referral system that will make it easier for people to access quality services.
Furthermore, a research should be conducted to find out the factors that cause a high number of graduate medical doctors to abandon clinical medical practice in hospitals.
Due to limited availability of records, an information system should be established to inform the whereabouts of medical doctors and other healthcare workers and their clinical practice status right from the point of their graduation.
Jumla ya Madaktari 890 kati ya 2,246 (ambayo ni sawa na 39.6%) ya Madaktari wenye shahada nchini Tanzania hawafanyi kazi ya kitabibu badala yake wanafanya kazi zingine. Aidha imebainika kuwa madaktari 964 (sawa na asilimia 42.9) tu wahitimu wa shahada ya udaktari ambao hufanya kazi katika hospitali na vituo ya kutolea huduma. Madaktari waliobakia ama wako masomoni, wanafanyakazi katika asasi za kiraia (AZAKI). wako katika taasisi mbalimbali za afya zinazojishughulisha na tafiti, mafunzo ama kufanya kazi katika Wizara ya Afya na wengine hufanya kazi katika taasisi zisizojishughulisha na masuala ya afya kabisa.
Haya yamebainika kwenye utafiti uliofanywa na shirika la Sikika kwa kushirikiana na Chama cha Madaktari Tanzania (MAT) kati ya mwezi Agosti na Oktoba, 2012 ambapo jumla ya madaktari 2246 walishiriki.
Utafiti huo umeonyesha pia kuwa karibia nusu ya Madaktari wote walioshiriki utafiti huo, wanaishi na kufanyakazi Arusha, Mbeya, Dar es Salaam na Moshi. Dar es Salaam pekee ikiwa na jumla ya madaktari 725 kati ya 2,246.
Utafiti huu umeonyesha kuwa karibia nusu (madaktari 48 kati ya 107) ya wahitimu wa mwaka 2003 hawafanyi kazi ya utabibu, wakati huo huo madaktari 68 kati ya 102 (sawa na theluthi mbili) ya wahitimu wa mwaka 2004, zaidi ya robo tatu (176 kati ya 224) ya wahitimu wa mwaka 2008 na 155 kati ya 206 ya wahitimu wa mwaka 2009 wanafanya kazi za kitabibu.
Jumla ya madaktari 246 kati 290 (sawa na asilimia 85) ya wahitimu wa mwaka 2011 walikuwa hawafanyi kazi ya utabibu wakati utafiti huu ukifanyika. Karibia madaktari wote (96 kati ya 101) waliohitimu masomo yao mwaka 2012 wanafanya kazi ya utabibu.
Takwimu za Shirika la Afya Duniani (WHO) kwa kushirikiana na Wizara ya Afya na Ustawi wa Jamii zinaonyesha kuwa Tanzania ina uwiano wa Daktari mmoja kwa kila watu 30,000 (kwa maana nyingine; daktari mmoja nchini Tanzania huhudumia takribani watu 30,000). Uwiano huu haujaboreka sana katika miaka ya hivi karibuni kutoka na ungezeko la idadi ya watu hapa nchini.
Mapendekezo
Kutokana na matokeo ya utafiti huu, Sikika na MAT wanapendekeza kuwepo kwa juhudi za makusudi za Serikali na wadau za kuwavutia madaktari kufanya kazi za kutoa huduma za kitabibu katika vituo vya kutolea huduma. Juhudi hizo ziende sambamba na kuwepo kwa mazingira mazuri ya kuwabakiza hapa nchini badala ya kukimbilia nchi nyingine.
Kuna haja ya uwepo wa mfumo, sheria na taratibu mpya zitakazowezesha madaktari walioko katika sekta zingine waweze kutumia muda fulani kufanya kazi ya utabibu ili kuwapunguzia mzigo wa kazi madaktari wanaotoa huduma za kitabibu mahospitalini.
Aidha, kwa kuwa madaktari wengi pamoja na huduma nzuri za afya hupatikana maeneo ya miji mikubwa, kuna haja ya kuboresha miundombinu na kuimarishwa kwa mfumo wa rufaa ili kuwawezesha wananchi wote, bila kujali maeneo wanayoishi, waweze kupata huduma za afya zenye viwango vya juu.
Hata hivyo, inapaswa kufanyika kwa tafiti nyingi zaidi ili kubaini sababu zinazopelekea wimbi kubwa la madaktari kuacha kufanya kazi ya utabibu mahospitalini ili kuweza kupunguza upotevu wa rasilimali watu.
Kutokana na ukosefu wa taarifa sahihi na kamili, mifumo ya taarifa iliyopo iboreshwe ili iweze kukusanya na kutunza taarifa na kumbukumbu za mahali walipo madaktari na wataalamu wengine wa afya na kama wanatoa huduma au laa!.
Haya yamebainika kwenye utafiti uliofanywa na shirika la Sikika kwa kushirikiana na Chama cha Madaktari Tanzania (MAT) kati ya mwezi Agosti na Oktoba, 2012 ambapo jumla ya madaktari 2246 walishiriki.
Utafiti huo umeonyesha pia kuwa karibia nusu ya Madaktari wote walioshiriki utafiti huo, wanaishi na kufanyakazi Arusha, Mbeya, Dar es Salaam na Moshi. Dar es Salaam pekee ikiwa na jumla ya madaktari 725 kati ya 2,246.
Utafiti huu umeonyesha kuwa karibia nusu (madaktari 48 kati ya 107) ya wahitimu wa mwaka 2003 hawafanyi kazi ya utabibu, wakati huo huo madaktari 68 kati ya 102 (sawa na theluthi mbili) ya wahitimu wa mwaka 2004, zaidi ya robo tatu (176 kati ya 224) ya wahitimu wa mwaka 2008 na 155 kati ya 206 ya wahitimu wa mwaka 2009 wanafanya kazi za kitabibu.
Jumla ya madaktari 246 kati 290 (sawa na asilimia 85) ya wahitimu wa mwaka 2011 walikuwa hawafanyi kazi ya utabibu wakati utafiti huu ukifanyika. Karibia madaktari wote (96 kati ya 101) waliohitimu masomo yao mwaka 2012 wanafanya kazi ya utabibu.
Takwimu za Shirika la Afya Duniani (WHO) kwa kushirikiana na Wizara ya Afya na Ustawi wa Jamii zinaonyesha kuwa Tanzania ina uwiano wa Daktari mmoja kwa kila watu 30,000 (kwa maana nyingine; daktari mmoja nchini Tanzania huhudumia takribani watu 30,000). Uwiano huu haujaboreka sana katika miaka ya hivi karibuni kutoka na ungezeko la idadi ya watu hapa nchini.
Mapendekezo
Kutokana na matokeo ya utafiti huu, Sikika na MAT wanapendekeza kuwepo kwa juhudi za makusudi za Serikali na wadau za kuwavutia madaktari kufanya kazi za kutoa huduma za kitabibu katika vituo vya kutolea huduma. Juhudi hizo ziende sambamba na kuwepo kwa mazingira mazuri ya kuwabakiza hapa nchini badala ya kukimbilia nchi nyingine.
Kuna haja ya uwepo wa mfumo, sheria na taratibu mpya zitakazowezesha madaktari walioko katika sekta zingine waweze kutumia muda fulani kufanya kazi ya utabibu ili kuwapunguzia mzigo wa kazi madaktari wanaotoa huduma za kitabibu mahospitalini.
Aidha, kwa kuwa madaktari wengi pamoja na huduma nzuri za afya hupatikana maeneo ya miji mikubwa, kuna haja ya kuboresha miundombinu na kuimarishwa kwa mfumo wa rufaa ili kuwawezesha wananchi wote, bila kujali maeneo wanayoishi, waweze kupata huduma za afya zenye viwango vya juu.
Hata hivyo, inapaswa kufanyika kwa tafiti nyingi zaidi ili kubaini sababu zinazopelekea wimbi kubwa la madaktari kuacha kufanya kazi ya utabibu mahospitalini ili kuweza kupunguza upotevu wa rasilimali watu.
Kutokana na ukosefu wa taarifa sahihi na kamili, mifumo ya taarifa iliyopo iboreshwe ili iweze kukusanya na kutunza taarifa na kumbukumbu za mahali walipo madaktari na wataalamu wengine wa afya na kama wanatoa huduma au laa!.
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