Chanzo cha ajali hiyo ni mwendo mbovu usiofuata sheria za barabarani wa madereva wawili wa gari ndogo na lori la mchanga.
Wakati tukiomboleza vilio hivyo vya ndugu zetu tunatafakari pia ajali nyingi nyingine zinazoua na kujeruhi. Zinazoacha ulemavu; yatima na wajane na uharibifu wa miundombinu.
Kwa muda mrefu ajali zimekuwa zinatokea na hatua kadhaa zinachukuliwa. Hatua hizo ni pamoja na kujenga matuta barabarani; Kuongeza viwango vya fine za barabarani; kuongeza vituo vya ukaguzi wa askari barabarani; kuongeza vifaa vya kudhibiti mwendo kama tochi za askari vinavyomulika na kubaini mwendo. Kwa madereva wetu kuongeza ujanja askari wetu sasa wanaweza kujificha na kumulika tochi hizo kwa kushtukiza. Bado ajali zinatokea. Ukiziangalia njia zote nilizozitaja za kudhibiti ajali tunaweza kuziita ''symptomatic control measures'', yaani zinatibu dalili lakini hazidhibiti vyanzo vya sababu za ajali.
Yapo mambo mengi ya msingi yanayohitaji kufanyika na yanaweza kupunguza ajali hizi. Hapa nitajadili mambo muhimu matatu na nayaona ni ya msingi katika kudhibiti ajali hizi:
Upatikanaji wa madreva:
Inafahamika kuwa siku ya mtihani wa darasa la saba au Form four nchi yote hutaharuki. Usalama wataifa; Polisi, na idara nyingi hushiriki. Madaktari wetu wanapofanya mitihani watahini hutoka hospitali mbali mbali kuja kuunda timu za kutahini waganga na madaktari wetu. Wengine tunawaita 'External examiners' na wengine 'internal Examiners'. Mambo huwa hivyo ili kuhaskikisha kama ni mganga, nesi au daktari anatahiniwa na kujiridhisha kuwa amefaulu. Sijui walimu, mabwana shamba hutahiniwaje lakini kuna taratibu zake. Lakini hata sifa za kuchukua masomo hayo kuna mifumo yake.
1) Madereva wetu hupatikana kiholela.
Wakati hayo yakiwa hivyo kwa taaluma hizo sivyo ilivyo kwa madreva wanaosababisha vifo na ulemavu mwingi. Tanzania hatuna mfumo sahihi na rasmi unaotusaidia kuwapata madreva. Wengi wamepata uzoefu walipokuwa mautingo. Wengine huenda vyuo vya udreva na kununua cheti cha udreva na baadaye kujifunza baada ya kuajiliwa. Mimi ni dereva. Majuzi niliendeshwa na dreva mmoja ambaye naamini elimu yake ni darasa la saba au chini. Niligundua kuwa kama tunataka kuwa na madreva ni lazima dreva awe amemaliza kidato cha nne na masomo muhimu ambayo lazima awe amefaulu ni Physics na Hesabu.
Katika mtaala wa madreva, wasomeshwe mambo mbali mbali ikiwa ni pamoja ni mahesabu ya speed na muda. Mfano speed ya gari unalotaka kulipita na muda utakaotumia kwa kuliangalia gari lililo mbele yako linaweza kuwa limefikia wapi kwa speed ya magari matatu hayo (lako, unalolipita na linalokuja mbele yako). Impaction inayoweza kutokea magari yanapogongana yakiwa katika speed fulani. Madreva wetu hasa wanaoajiliwa lazima waende vyuoni na utahini wao usisimamiwe na wenye vyuo. Kama ilivyo kwa taaluma nilizozitaja na madreva iwe taaluma inayoheshimika na upatikanaji wake usiwe wa kuokotwa. Twaweza kuweka nafuu kwa dreva anayeendesha gari lake binafsi kwa sababu kwa kawaida mwenye gari huwa makini kuliko anayeendesha la mwingine.
2) Adhabu za makosa ya barabarani:
Eneo la pili linalosababisha ajali ni kuhusu adhabu za makosa ya barabarani. Mtu ukipewa swali uchague jibu likiuliza: Adhabu zinazotolewa kwa makosa barabarani Tanzania zinalenga nini: (A) Kupunguza ajali barabarani (B) Kukusanya mapato ya serikali. Jibu sahihi ni (B). Si muujiza kusikia RTO au RPC akitoa taarifa kuwa mwezi huu Polisi wamekusanya bilioni kadhaa kwa makosa ya barabarani na anasema hilo kama sehemu ya mafanikio.
Adhabu hutolewa kwa wakosaji. Kwa hiyo kwa taarifa hiyo Polisi wanakuwa wanashangilia makosa na kutaka yaendelee ili mapato zaidi yakusanywe. Huu ni ujinga tunaostahili kuutoka. Kwa sababu madreva wetu hawakwenda shule tunahitaji kubadili mfumo wa kudhibito makosa ya barabarani.
Mfano makosa yatokanayo na dreva kutojua au uzembe, adhabu sahihi ni dreva kumsimamishia liseni akaenda chuoni kwa wiki kadhaa kujifunza sheria aliyoivunja. Hii itasaidia kama dreva anafanya kwa kutojua basi akishajifunza hatarudia na kama ni uzembe atakuwa mwangalifu ili liseni yake isizuiliwe. Makosa kama yalioua maafisa wetu ya dreva kupita gari katika mazingira mabovu, Kutotii king'ora cha ambulance, kutofunga mkanda, kwenda speed iliyozidi nk yatadhibitiwa kwa njia hiyo bila fine.
Kwa makosa ya ubovu wa magari dreva ataagizwa kusimamisha gari hadi litengenezwe au anaweza kupewa masharti ya speed hadi gari lifike liendako na likifika lipelekwe gereji. Mfano gari lililoishiwa tyres, Taa kutowaka, bodi iliyochakaa nk Utaratibu huu utapunguza sana mapato ya serikali yatokanayo na ujinga au umaskini wa wenye magari na madreva.
3) Tabia ya Polisi barabarani:
Hili ni eneo la tatu ninaloliona linasababisha maafa makubwa barabarani. Polisi kuliachia gari bovu likaenda kwa sababu ama ni la serikali, Rafiki yake au la mkubwa Fulani ni jambo la kawaida. Trafiki kulikamata gari lisilo na kosa na kuanza kutafuta ''kosa lolote' na huku magari mabovu au yenye makosa-hatarishi yanapita ni kawaida. Hili ni eneo muhimu kusahihisha ili kudhibiti ajali barabarani
Maeneo hayo matatu yakifanyiwa masahihisho tunaweza kupunguza ajali barabarani kwa kiasi kikubwa.
Elisa Muhingo
0767187507
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