The Multidimensional Poverty Index or MPI is an international poverty measure developed by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) for the United Nations Development Programme's flagship Human Development Report in 2010. The innovative index reflects the multiple deprivations that a poor person faces with respect to education, health and living standards.
Of the 22 countries analysed, 18 reduced multidimensional poverty significantly. The biggest absolute reductions in multidimensional poverty were seen in countries with relatively high poverty levels. Nepal, Rwanda and Bangladesh were the top performers of our analysis, followed by Ghana, Tanzania, Cambodia and Bolivia. Colombia and Armenia also did very well, from much lower initial poverty levels.
An analysis of where the poorest 'Bottom Billion' live using national data finds they are located in just 30 countries; an analysis using individual poverty profiles finds they are actually spread across 100 countries, underscoring the importance of going beyond national averages. We also found that 51% of the world's MPI poor live in South Asia, and 29% in Sub-Saharan Africa. Most MPI poor people - 72% - live in Middle Income Countries.
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